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	<title>EBOLAWEB &#187; Senegal &#124; EBOLAWEB</title>
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	<description>Selected papers on Ebola Virus outbreak and its Responses</description>
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		<title>Appel à contributions pour un numéro spécial « Autour du virus Ebola »</title>
		<link>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=394</link>
		<comments>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=394#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 10 Dec 2014 15:44:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Nathanael Cretin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biology/Virology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biomedicine/Clinical]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Epidemiology & Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[French]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guinea]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Liberia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nigeria]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peer reviewed]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics & Economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RDC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Senegal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sierra Leone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Society & Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Spain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[USA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anne Marie Moulin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anthropologie et Santé]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ebola]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[épidémie]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[prévention]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=394</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[La revue Anthropologie et Santé lance un appel à contribution en vue d&#8217;un numéro spécial &#8220;Autour du virus Ebola&#8221;, coordonné par Anne Marie Moulin. Texte de l&#8217;appel Le virus de la fièvre hémorragique Ebola a concerné d’abord l’Afrique de l’Ouest et l’Afrique centrale, où des anthropologues escortent d’ores et déjà &#8230;]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>La revue Anthropologie et Santé lance un appel à contribution en vue d&#8217;un numéro spécial &#8220;Autour du virus Ebola&#8221;, coordonné par Anne Marie Moulin.</p>
<p><a href="http://amades.hypotheses.org/5041" target="_blank"><img class="aligncenter wp-image-909 size-full" src="http://chiasm.hypotheses.org/files/2014/12/BandeauAS.png" alt="" width="896" height="146" /></a></p>
<h4>Texte de l&#8217;appel</h4>
<p>Le virus de la fièvre hémorragique Ebola a concerné d’abord l’Afrique de l’Ouest et l’Afrique centrale, où des anthropologues escortent d’ores et déjà les équipes sur le terrain. Mais la menace de la diffusion de l’épidémie a suscité une alerte à l’échelon mondial, qui relève également de l’observation anthropologique. Si le matériau anthropologique sur l’épidémie de 2014 est encore restreint, les études sur les épidémies précédentes, restées locales, ont montré que les mesures prises pour isoler les malades et empêcher la contagion doivent être élaborées et mûrement pesées, pour éviter, en ignorant le contexte, d’aggraver le désordre social lié au phénomène épidémique, si bien décrit par Thucydide au moment de la « peste » d’Athènes (IVe siècle av J-C).</p>
<p>À des investigations ethnographiques des épidémies d’Ebola, depuis la première en date de 1996 au Zaïre, le numéro spécial souhaite associer des contributions inspirées par l’anthropologie historique, s’appuyant sur des comparaisons et renouvelant la typologie des comportements individuels et collectifs face aux épidémies.</p>
<p>Il existe une très abondante littérature, romanesque et scientifique, sur les épidémies, notamment sur les grandes pandémies de peste et de choléra. L’ensemble de mesures récemment prises par les autorités nationales et internationales présente des analogies évidentes avec les dispositifs adoptés, du Moyen Age à nos jours, face à la contagion : isolement des malades, délimitation et destruction des foyers, contrôle de la circulation des personnes et des marchandises etc. Pour circonscrire le contenu du numéro et mettre en lumière l’originalité du phénomène Ebola, l’équipe éditrice d’<i>Anthropologie &amp; Santé</i> propose de centrer les études sur les aspects suivants :</p>
<p>&#8211; l’analyse du puzzle scientifique de l’épidémie d’Ebola a mis en évidence en 1996 un virus inconnu jusque-là et pour cette raison appelé émergent, mais les connaissances épidémiologiques restent à certains égards lacunaires ;</p>
<p>&#8211; les mesures sécuritaires prises doivent tenir compte de ces lacunes. Elles doivent donc suivre le principe de précaution tout en s’adaptant à l’évolution rapide des connaissances biomédicales. Elles doivent également s’inspirer des principes éthiques qui ont établi des normes fondées sur le respect de l’autonomie des personnes. Comment concilier ces différents impératifs ? Quel est l’apport de l’anthropologie sur ce sujet?</p>
<p>&#8211; l&#8217;épidémie d&#8217;Ebola et les mesures de prévention contre la contagion ont entraîné, dans la population, des réactions telles que la panique ou la méfiance à l’égard du discours médical sur la maladie, phénomènes sociaux renforcés par le traitement de l&#8217;épidémie dans l&#8217;espace public.</p>
<p>&#8211; le progrès des connaissances biologiques (diagnostic précoce et rapide) épidémiologiques (voies de transmission du virus et moyens de prévention) et thérapeutiques (sérums, vaccins, antibiotiques) devrait permettre une gestion de la crise sanitaire. Cependant, l’épidémie d’Ebola risque, comme le Sida avant elle, de révéler la fragilité croissante des systèmes de santé, en Afrique et hors d’Afrique, l’impréparation des personnels de santé en première ligne devant le risque épidémique collectif et personnel, et l’inadéquation des relais d’information auprès des différents publics. Cette épidémie révèle, de surcroît, des différences notables entre les pays, entre les niveaux de connaissance des maladies épidémiques et de compréhension des moyens préventifs à mettre en œuvre, facilitant déni, agressivité, dénonciation de l’étranger toujours tenu pour responsable du désordre, quelle que soit sa définition.</p>
<p>Pour traiter ces différentes questions, la revue<i> Anthropologie &amp; Santé </i>attend principalement des contributions anthropologiques, mais elle reste également ouverte à d&#8217;autres disciplines, dans la mesure où l&#8217;épidémie d&#8217;Ebola interpelle également les historiens de la biomédecine, les politologues et les éthiciens, ou encore les spécialistes de l’information et de la communication. Elle leur  impose en effet de repenser le partage des responsabilités et de la prise des décisions à tous les niveaux, et les conditions à remplir pour un maintien de la solidarité entre les citoyens et de la confiance placée dans les professionnels de santé.</p>
<p>Tenant compte de la dimension historique du phénomène épidémique et de ses composantes psychosociales, mais prenant aussi toute la mesure de l’originalité du phénomène Ebola d’hier à aujourd’hui, le numéro spécial d’<i>Anthropologie &amp; Santé</i> se positionne résolument, et conformément à la vocation de la revue dans une perspective anthropologique pluridimensionnelle, en particulier historique et politique, indispensable pour les élaborations théoriques comme pour la conduite de la lutte contre la maladie sur le terrain.</p>
<p>Les contributions peuvent prendre la forme d&#8217;articles ethnographiques descriptifs, d&#8217;analyses préliminaires ou abouties, adopter une perspective historique ou comparative… Elles peuvent être accompagnées de documents graphiques, photographiques ou vidéos.</p>
<h4>Calendrier</h4>
<p>Les propositions (titre et résumé ne dépassant pas 1000 signes) sont à adresser par courriel à <i>Anthropologie &amp; Santé</i> (revue) <a href="mailto:redaction@anthropologie-sante.net">redaction@anthropologie-sante.net</a>, avant le 15 janvier 2015. Les articles devront être envoyés avant le 1<sup>er </sup> juin 2015, afin que le numéro puisse paraître en décembre 2015.</p>
<h6>Source</h6>
<h6><a href="http://amades.hypotheses.org/5041" target="_blank">http://amades.hypotheses.org/5041</a></h6>
<h6>Appel à contribution au format PDF</h6>
<h6><a href="http://f-origin.hypotheses.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/11/files/2014/11/AAC-AS-Ebola.pdf" target="_blank">http://f-origin.hypotheses.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/11/files/2014/11/AAC-AS-Ebola.pdf</a></h6>
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		<item>
		<title>Ebola vaccines, therapies, and diagnostics &#8211; WHO update</title>
		<link>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=381</link>
		<comments>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=381#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 18 Nov 2014 11:58:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Nathanael Cretin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biology/Virology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biomedicine/Clinical]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Epidemiology & Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guinea]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Liberia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nigeria]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peer reviewed]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics & Economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RDC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Senegal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sierra Leone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Society & Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Convalescent blood and plasma therapies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ebola vaccines]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ethics working group]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[medical devices and protective equipment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Medicines]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[medicines and other health technologies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Potential vaccines]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[therapies and diagnostics Q&A]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[WHO]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=381</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Convalescent blood and plasma therapies Experimental therapies: growing interest in the use of whole blood or plasma from recovered Ebola patients (convalescent therapies) 26 September 2014 WHO interim guidelines on use of convalescent whole blood and convalescent plasma 10 September 2014 Potential vaccines, medicines and other health technologies WHO Meeting &#8230;]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="teaser">
<h4>Convalescent blood and plasma therapies</h4>
</div>
<ul class="list_dash">
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/mediacentre/news/ebola/26-september-2014/en/index.html">Experimental therapies: growing interest in the use of whole blood or plasma from recovered Ebola patients (convalescent therapies)</a><br />
<span class="link_info">26 September 2014</span></li>
<li><a class="" href="http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/135591/1/WHO_HIS_SDS_2014.8_eng.pdf?ua=1">WHO interim guidelines on use of convalescent whole blood and convalescent plasma</a><br />
<span class="link_info">10 September 2014</span></li>
</ul>
<h4 class="section_head2">Potential vaccines, medicines and other health technologies</h4>
<ul class="list_dash">
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/medicines/ebola-treatment/scientific_tech_meeting/en/index.html">WHO Meeting of the Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee on Ebola Experimental Interventions</a><br />
<span class="link_info">13 November 2014- Briefing note</span></li>
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/medicines/news/AFR_reg_meet/en/index.html">African regulators’ meeting looking to expedite approval of vaccines and therapies for Ebola </a><br />
<span class="link_info">3 &#8211; 7 November, Pretoria, South Africa</span></li>
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/mediacentre/news/releases/2014/ebola-vaccines-production/en/index.html">WHO convenes industry leaders and key partners to discuss trials and production of Ebola vaccine</a><br />
<span class="link_info">24 October 2014. News release</span></li>
<li><a class="link_media" href="http://www.who.int/entity/diagnostics_laboratory/141002_revised_invitation_to_mx_of_ebola_virus_diagnostics.pdf?ua=1">Invitation to manufacturers of in vitro diagnostics for Ebola<br />
<span class="link_info">pdf, 169kb</span></a><br />
<span class="link_info">Revised version issued 2 October 2014</span></li>
<li><a class="link_media" href="http://www.who.int/entity/medicines/publications/target-product-profile.pdf?ua=1">Target product profile for Zaïre ebolavirus: rapid, simple test to be used in the control of the Ebola outbreak in West Africa<br />
<span class="link_info">pdf, 162kb</span></a><br />
<span class="link_info">3 October 2014</span></li>
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/mediacentre/news/ebola/01-october-2014/en/index.html">Experimental Ebola vaccines</a><br />
<span class="link_info">Ebola situation assessment &#8211; 1 October 2014</span></li>
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/immunization/diseases/ebola/WHO_consultation_ebola_sep2014/en/index.html">WHO consultation on Ebola vaccines</a><br />
<span class="link_info">29-30 September 2014, Geneva, Switzerland</span></li>
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/csr/resources/publications/ebola/ebola-therapies/en/index.html">WHO Consultation on potential Ebola therapies and vaccines</a><br />
<span class="link_info">Meeting summary from 4-5 September Meeting</span></li>
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/mediacentre/events/meetings/2014/ebola-interventions/en/index.html">Consultation on potential Ebola therapies and vaccines</a><br />
<span class="link_info">4-5 September 2014</span></li>
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/csr/resources/publications/ebola/ethical-considerations/en/index.html">Ethical considerations for use of unregistered interventions for Ebola virus disease</a><br />
<span class="link_info">Report of an advisory panel to WHO, 17 August 2014</span></li>
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/csr/disease/ebola/ethics-panel-discussion/en/index.html">Panel discussion on ethical considerations for use of unregistered interventions for Ebola virus disease</a><br />
<span class="link_info">8 August 2014</span></li>
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/mediacentre/news/statements/2014/ethical-review-ebola/en/index.html">WHO to convene ethical review of experimental treatment for Ebola</a><br />
<span class="link_info">6 August 2014</span></li>
</ul>
<h4 class="section_head2">Medicines, medical devices and protective equipment</h4>
<ul class="list_dash">
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/medical_devices/meddev_ebola/en/index.html">Medical devices and protective equipment</a></li>
<li><a class="link_media" href="http://www.who.int/entity/medicines/areas/medicines_list_ebola_07nov.pdf?ua=1">List of essential supportive medicines for Ebola<br />
<span class="link_info">pdf, 61kb</span></a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/medicines/areas/donations/en/index.html">Donation guidelines</a></li>
</ul>
<h4 class="section_head2">Ethics working group on Ebola</h4>
<ul class="list_dash">
<li><a href="http://www.who.int/entity/medicines/wg_ethics_ebola_interventions/en/index.html">Meeting of the Ethics Working Group on Ebola Interventions</a><br />
<span class="link_info">20 – 21 October 2014, Geneva, Switzerland</span></li>
</ul>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h6>Source</h6>
<h6><a href="http://www.who.int/medicines/emp_ebola_section/en/" target="_blank">http://www.who.int/medicines/emp_ebola_section/en/</a></h6>
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		<item>
		<title>What Factors Might Have Led to the Emergence of Ebola in West Africa?</title>
		<link>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=369</link>
		<comments>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=369#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Nov 2014 16:31:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Nathanael Cretin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Africa]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[public health policy]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[West Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[zoonotic]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=369</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[By PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, November 11, 2014 &#160; Abstract An Ebola outbreak of unprecedented scope emerged in West Africa in December 2013 and presently continues unabated in the countries of Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. Ebola is not new to Africa and outbreaks have been confirmed as far back &#8230;]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="main">By <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" title="View all posts by PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases" href="http://blogs.plos.org/speakingofmedicine/author/pntds/">PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases</a></span><span class="meta-prep-author meta-prep">, <span class="entry-date">November 11, 2014</span></span></div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div><strong>Abstract</strong></div>
<div>An Ebola outbreak of unprecedented scope emerged in West Africa in December 2013 and presently continues unabated in the countries of Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. Ebola is not new to Africa and outbreaks have been confirmed as far back as 1976. The current West African Ebola outbreak is the largest ever recorded and differs dramatically from prior outbreaks in its duration, number of people affected, and geographic extent. The emergence of this deadly disease in West Africa invites many questions, foremost among these: Why now and why in West Africa? Here, we review the sociological, ecological, and environmental drivers that might have influenced the emergence of Ebola in this region of Africa and its spread throughout the region. Containment of the West African Ebola outbreak is the most pressing, immediate need. A comprehensive assessment of the drivers of Ebola emergence and sustained human-to-human transmission is also needed in order to prepare other countries for importation or emergence of this disease.  Such assessment includes identification of country-level protocols and interagency policies for outbreak detection and rapid response, increased understanding of cultural and traditional risk factors within and between nations, delivery of culturally embedded public health education, and regional coordination and collaboration, particularly with governments and health ministries throughout Africa. Public health education is also urgently needed in countries outside of Africa in order to ensure that risk is properly understood and public concerns do not escalate unnecessarily. To prevent future outbreaks, coordinated, multiscale, early warning systems should be developed that make full use of these integrated assessments, partner with local communities in high-risk areas, and provide clearly defined response recommendations specific to the needs of each community.</div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div><strong>Reference</strong></div>
<div>
<div class="csl-bib-body">
<div class="csl-entry">Alexander, K. A., C. E. Sanderson, M. Marathe, B. L. Lewis, C. M. Rivers, J. Shaman, J. M. Drake, et al. “What Factors Might Have Led to the Emergence of Ebola in West Africa?,” 2014. <a href="http://blogs.plos.org/speakingofmedicine/files/2014/11/Alexander-et-al.pdf" target="_blank">http://blogs.plos.org/speakingofmedicine/files/2014/11/Alexander-et-al.pdf</a>.</div>
<div class="csl-entry"></div>
<p class="csl-entry">
<h6 class="csl-entry">Read the full article</h6>
<p class="csl-entry"><a href="http://blogs.plos.org/speakingofmedicine/2014/11/11/factors-might-led-emergence-ebola-west-africa/" target="_blank">http://blogs.plos.org/speakingofmedicine/2014/11/11/factors-might-led-emergence-ebola-west-africa/</a></p>
<p class="csl-entry">
<div class="csl-entry"><strong>PDF file</strong></div>
<div class="csl-entry"><strong><a href="http://blogs.plos.org/speakingofmedicine/files/2014/11/Alexanderetal.pdf" target="_blank">http://blogs.plos.org/speakingofmedicine/files/2014/11/Alexanderetal.pdf</a></strong></div>
</div>
</div>
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		<title>Tracking Ebola with CrisisNET and the Ushahidi Platform</title>
		<link>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=363</link>
		<comments>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=363#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Nov 2014 14:27:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Nathanael Cretin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Africa]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Widespread Transmission]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=363</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The Ebola epidemic has finally captured international attention. Coverage of Ebola was minimal when the disease was confined to West Africa, but a small number of recent cases in the US and Europe have sparked frantic, hysterical reporting from western media outlets and subsequent public panic. In light of this, &#8230;]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="field body">
<blockquote><p>The Ebola epidemic has finally captured international attention. Coverage of Ebola was minimal when the disease was confined to West Africa, but a small number of recent cases in the US and Europe have sparked frantic, hysterical reporting from western media outlets and subsequent public panic. In light of this, it’s important to keep the threat in perspective. For example, the above chart shows the number of confirmed and suspected cases in every country touched by the virus.</p>
<p>This World Health Organization data, provided by the Humanitarian Data Exchange and visualized using analysis tools we’re developing at <a href="http://crisis.net/">CrisisNET</a>, confirms statements by the Centers for Disease Control reassuring people in the US and Europe that their chances of contracting Ebola are vanishingly small (in fact, to date all known cases outside of West Africa have been health workers directly involved in treating Ebola patients).<br />
&nbsp;</p></blockquote>
<h6>Read the full article</h6>
<h6><a href="http://reliefweb.int/report/liberia/tracking-ebola-crisisnet-and-ushahidi-platform" target="_blank">http://reliefweb.int/report/liberia/tracking-ebola-crisisnet-and-ushahidi-platform</a></h6>
<h6></h6>
<h6>PDF Presentation</h6>
<h6><a href="http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Tracking%20Ebola%20with%20CrisisNET%20and%20the%20Ushahidi%20Platform%20-%20Ushahidi%20-%20Ushahidi.pdf" target="_blank">http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Tracking%20Ebola%20with%20CrisisNET%20and%20the%20Ushahidi%20Platform%20-%20Ushahidi%20-%20Ushahidi.pdf</a></h6>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h6>Website</h6>
<h6><a href="http://crisis.net/" target="_blank">http://crisis.net/</a></h6>
</div>
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		<title>Ebola, epidemics, and ethics &#8211; what we have learned</title>
		<link>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=345</link>
		<comments>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=345#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Nov 2014 17:43:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Nathanael Cretin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guinea]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Liberia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nigeria]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peer reviewed]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RDC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Senegal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sierra Leone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Society & Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ebola]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Epidemic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ethics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Experimental treatments]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[G Kevin Donovan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[untreatable diseas]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=345</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[When considering the allocation of scarce resources, the most pressing question is: who should be treated? Abstract The current Ebola epidemic has presented challenges both medical and ethical. Although we have known epidemics of untreatable diseases in the past, this particular one may be unique in the intensity and rapidity &#8230;]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<h4 data-canvas-width="324.08425595" data-angle="0" data-font-name="g_font_9">When considering the allocation of scarce resources, the most pressing question is: who should be treated?</h4>
</blockquote>
<div data-canvas-width="324.08425595" data-angle="0" data-font-name="g_font_9"></div>
<div data-canvas-width="734.4040106333334" data-angle="0" data-font-name="g_font_3"><strong>Abstract</strong></div>
<div data-canvas-width="734.4040106333334" data-angle="0" data-font-name="g_font_3"></div>
<div data-canvas-width="734.4040106333334" data-angle="0" data-font-name="g_font_3">The current Ebola epidemic has presented challenges both medical and ethical. Although we have known epidemics of untreatable diseases in the past, this particular one may be unique in the intensity and rapidity of its spread, as well as ethical challenges that it has created, exacerbated by its geographic location. We will look at the infectious agent and the epidemic it is causing, in order to understand the ethical problems that have arisen.</div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Reference</strong></p>
<p>Donovan: Ebola, epidemics, and ethics &#8211; what we have learned. <em>Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine </em>2014 9:15. Doi:10.1186/1747-5341-9-15</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h6>Read the full open access editorial</h6>
<div data-canvas-width="232.0557659333333" data-angle="0" data-font-name="g_font_2">
<h6 data-canvas-width="15.695214999999997" data-angle="0" data-font-name="g_font_3"><a href="http://www.peh-med.com/content/pdf/1747-5341-9-15.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.peh-med.com/content/pdf/1747-5341-9-15.pdf</a></h6>
</div>
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		<title>Ebola Outbreaks Timeline</title>
		<link>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=314</link>
		<comments>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=314#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 31 Oct 2014 13:53:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Nathanael Cretin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Epidemiology & Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guinea]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Liberia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nigeria]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peer reviewed]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Senegal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sierra Leone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Spain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[USA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Case count]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[healthmap.org]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[spread]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[timeline]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=314</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The healthmap.org website is keeping up to date a timeline about the spread of the virus from March 14. October 31, 2014 Spain 1 case Guinea 1906 cases &#8211; 997 deaths Sierra Leone 5235 cases &#8211; 1500 deaths Senegal 1 case Mali 1 case &#8211; 1 death Liberia 6535 cases &#8230;]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="http://healthmap.org/en/" target="_blank">healthmap.org</a> website is keeping up to date a timeline about the spread of the virus from March 14.</p>
<blockquote><p><span class="casecounts">October 31, 2014 </span></p>
<p><span class="casecounts">Spain <span class="cases">1 case</span></span></p>
<p><span class="casecounts">Guinea <span class="deaths">1906 cases &#8211; 997 deaths</span></span></p>
<p><span class="casecounts">Sierra Leone <span class="cases">5235 cases &#8211; </span><span class="deaths">1500 deaths</span></span></p>
<p><span class="casecounts">Senegal <span class="cases">1 case</span></span></p>
<p><span class="casecounts">Mali <span class="cases">1 case &#8211; </span><span class="deaths">1 death</span></span></p>
<p><span class="casecounts">Liberia <span class="cases">6535 cases &#8211; </span><span class="deaths">2413 deaths</span></span></p>
<p><span class="casecounts">Nigeria <span class="cases">20 cases &#8211; </span><span class="deaths">8 deaths</span></span></p>
<p><span class="casecounts">United States <span class="cases">4 cases &#8211; </span><span class="deaths">1 death</span></span></p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h6>Full timeline:</h6>
<h6><a href="http://healthmap.org/ebola/" target="_blank">http://healthmap.org/ebola/</a></h6>
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		<title>mHealth takes on Ebola in Nigeria</title>
		<link>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=295</link>
		<comments>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=295#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 27 Oct 2014 14:57:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Nathanael Cretin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guinea]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Investigative journalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Liberia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nigeria]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Senegal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sierra Leone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Society & Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Erin McCann]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Healthcare IT News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[real-time reporting Android app]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social media]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social media campaign]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=295</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In what&#8217;s being hailed as a &#8220;spectacular success story,&#8221; the World Health Organization has declared Nigeria free of the Ebola virus transmission, with public health agencies and government officials citing a mobile health initiative as largely responsible for the triumph. Shortly after the WHO declared Africa&#8217;s most populous country Ebola-free &#8230;]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>In what&#8217;s being hailed as a &#8220;spectacular success story,&#8221; the World Health Organization has declared Nigeria free of the Ebola virus transmission, with public health agencies and government officials citing a mobile health initiative as largely responsible for the triumph.</p>
<p>Shortly after the WHO declared Africa&#8217;s most populous country Ebola-free for 42 days Oct. 20, Nigerian Minister of Communication Technology Omobola Johnson credited a <a class="directory-item-link" href="http://www.healthcareitnews.com/directory/social-media" target="_blank">social media</a> campaign and a real-time reporting Android app used during the outbreak as integral in containing the deadly virus.</p></blockquote>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><span class="submitted">Published in <em>Healthcare IT News</em>, by <a href="http://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/author/46811">Erin McCann</a>, October 23, 2014.</span></p>
<h6>Full article: <a href="http://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/mhealth-takes-ebola-nigeria" target="_blank">http://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/mhealth-takes-ebola-nigeria</a></h6>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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		<title>Somatosphere&#8217;s Web Roundup: Ebola Update</title>
		<link>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=260</link>
		<comments>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=260#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 24 Oct 2014 11:29:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Nathanael Cretin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Biology/Virology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biomedicine/Clinical]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Epidemiology & Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guinea]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Investigative journalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Liberia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nigeria]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peer reviewed]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics & Economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RDC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Senegal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sierra Leone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Society & Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Spain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Working papers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ebola fieldnotes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Somatosphere]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Web Roundup]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=260</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[By Sara M Bergstresser This article is part of the series: Ebola fieldnotes &#160; A great deal has happened since the first Web Roundup on Ebola. The epidemic has spread both in West Africa and globally, and material about Ebola has spread throughout the web. According to the CDC, as &#8230;]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>By <a class="url fn" title="Posts by Sara M Bergstresser" href="http://somatosphere.net/author/sara-bergstresser" rel="author">Sara M Bergstresser</a></p>
<header class="entry-header">
<div class="series">This article is part of the series: <a href="http://somatosphere.net/series/ebola-fieldnotes" rel="tag">Ebola fieldnotes</a></div>
</header>
<div class="entry-content">
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<blockquote><p>A great deal has happened since <a title="Web Roundup: Ebola" href="http://somatosphere.net/2014/08/web-roundup-ebola.html">the first Web Roundup on Ebola</a>. The epidemic has spread both in West Africa and globally, and material about Ebola has spread throughout the web. <a title="CDC case counts" href="http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/case-counts.html">According to the CDC</a>, as of October 22, a total of 9911 cases of Ebola have been reported, primarily in Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone (<a title="New Cases" href="http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/07/31/world/africa/ebola-virus-outbreak-qa.html?smid=pl-share#outbreak-map">map of new cases</a>), and there have been an estimated 4546 deaths. WHO has declared an end to the outbreak in <a title="WHO Nigeria news" href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2014/nigeria-ends-ebola/en/">Nigeria</a> and <a title="WHO Senegal news" href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2014/senegal-ends-ebola/en/">Senegal</a>, but there are now cases in <a title="Cases outside Africa" href="http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/07/31/world/africa/ebola-virus-outbreak-qa.html?emc=eta1&amp;_r=0#outside-africa">Europe and North America</a>. In Spain and the United States, there have been local cases of viral transmission within healthcare facilities.</p></blockquote>
</div>
<h6>Full article</h6>
<h6><a href="http://somatosphere.net/2014/10/web-roundup-ebola-update.html" target="_blank">http://somatosphere.net/2014/10/web-roundup-ebola-update.html</a></h6>
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		<title>Point épidémiologique en Afrique de l&#8217;Ouest au 20 octobre 2014 &#8211; INVS</title>
		<link>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=154</link>
		<comments>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=154#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 23 Oct 2014 15:46:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Nathanael Cretin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Biology/Virology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biomedicine/Clinical]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Epidemiology & Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[French]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guinea]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Liberia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nigeria]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peer reviewed]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Senegal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sierra Leone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fin de l’épidémie au Nigéria]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fin de l’épidémie au Sénégal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[INVS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Point Epidémiologique]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=154</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Points saillants Au total, 9 212 cas (suspects, probables et confirmés) et 4 554 décès (létalité 49,4 %) ont été rapportés par l’OMS dans 5 pays d&#8217;Afrique de l&#8217;Ouest (Guinée, Sierra-Léone, Libéria, Nigéria et Sénégal). Depuis la dernière parution du Point Epidémiologique, la Sierra Léone rapporte 460 nouveaux cas, le &#8230;]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2><a href="http://www.invs.sante.fr/Dossiers-thematiques/Maladies-infectieuses/Fievre-hemorragique-virale-FHV-a-virus-Ebola/Point-epidemiologique-Ebola-Afrique-de-l-Ouest/Virus-Ebola-Point-epidemiologique-en-Afrique-de-l-Ouest-au-20-octobre-2014"><img class="alignnone  wp-image-155" src="http://www.ebolaweb.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/logo_invs_fr.jpg" alt="logo_invs_fr" width="156" height="117" /></a></h2>
<h2>Points saillants</h2>
<ul class="puce_fleche">
<li class="li_justifier">
<blockquote><p>Au total, 9 212 cas (suspects, probables et confirmés) et 4 554 décès (létalité 49,4 %) ont été rapportés par l’OMS dans 5 pays d&#8217;Afrique de l&#8217;Ouest (Guinée, Sierra-Léone, Libéria, Nigéria et Sénégal).</p></blockquote>
</li>
<li class="li_justifier">
<blockquote><p>Depuis la dernière parution du Point Epidémiologique, la Sierra Léone rapporte 460 nouveaux cas, le Libéria 186 et la Guinée 169 nouveaux cas.</p></blockquote>
</li>
<li class="li_justifier">
<blockquote><p>L’OMS a officiellement déclaré le 17 octobre 2014 la fin de l’épidémie au Sénégal.</p></blockquote>
</li>
<li class="li_justifier">
<blockquote><p>L’OMS a officiellement déclaré le 20 octobre 2014 la fin de l’épidémie au Nigéria.</p></blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<h6>Bulletin complet : <a href="http://www.invs.sante.fr/Dossiers-thematiques/Maladies-infectieuses/Fievre-hemorragique-virale-FHV-a-virus-Ebola/Point-epidemiologique-Ebola-Afrique-de-l-Ouest/Virus-Ebola-Point-epidemiologique-en-Afrique-de-l-Ouest-au-20-octobre-2014" target="_blank">http://www.invs.sante.fr/Dossiers-thematiques/Maladies-infectieuses/Fievre-hemorragique-virale-FHV-a-virus-Ebola/Point-epidemiologique-Ebola-Afrique-de-l-Ouest/Virus-Ebola-Point-epidemiologique-en-Afrique-de-l-Ouest-au-20-octobre-2014</a></h6>
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		<title>Chronique d’un film catastrophe bien preparé &#8211; Libération</title>
		<link>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=99</link>
		<comments>http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=99#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Oct 2014 08:55:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Nathanael Cretin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Epidemiology & Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[French]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guinea]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Investigative journalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Liberia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics & Economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Senegal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sierra Leone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Society & Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ajustement structurel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Guillaume Lachenal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[preparedness]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ebolaweb.org/?p=99</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Guillaume Lachenal a publié sur le site internet de Libération, en date du 18 septembre 2014, une très intéressante tribune traitant de l’épidémie actuelle du virus Ebola. «Inutile d’interpréter laborieusement les films catastrophe dans leur rapport à une crise sociale “objective” ou même à un phantasme “objectif” de catastrophe», écrivait Jean Baudrillard &#8230;]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://chiasm.hypotheses.org/665" target="_blank">Guillaume Lachenal</a> a publié sur le site internet de<a href="http://www.liberation.fr/monde/2014/09/18/chronique-d-un-film-catastrophe-bien-prepare_1103419" target="_blank"> Libération</a>, en date du 18 septembre 2014, une très intéressante tribune traitant de l’épidémie actuelle du virus Ebola.</p>
<blockquote><p><em>«Inutile d’interpréter laborieusement les films catastrophe dans leur rapport à une crise sociale “objective” ou même à un phantasme “objectif” de catastrophe»</em>, écrivait Jean Baudrillard en 1981. C’est dans l’autre sens qu’il faut dire que c’est <em>«le social lui-même qui</em><em>s’organise selon un scénario de film de catastrophe</em>». Il y a peu, <em>Libération</em> consacrait quelques colonnes à l’analyse de films d’apocalypse, miroirs de nos anxiétés face aux pandémies. L’épidémie de virus Ebola, qui ravage plusieurs pays d’Afrique de l’Ouest, exige une critique plus radicale.<span id="more-765"></span> La crise actuelle n’est pas un cauchemar qui se réalise sous nos yeux, «comme dans les films catastrophe». Elle n’est pas une anomalie, ni un accident qui aurait pris de court les organisations sanitaires ; elle n’est pas, pour reprendre la langue de bois diplomatique, un «défi» organisationnel, financier et politique lancé à la communauté internationale et aux humanitaires. C’est dans l’autre sens qu’il faut le dire : la crise Ebola est le <em>produit</em> de deux décennies de choix et d’actions politiques.</p></blockquote>
<h6>Article complet : <a href="http://www.liberation.fr/monde/2014/09/18/chronique-d-un-film-catastrophe-bien-prepare_1103419" target="_blank">http://www.liberation.fr/monde/2014/09/18/chronique-d-un-film-catastrophe-bien-prepare_1103419</a></h6>
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